Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023
Introduction
The Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 is a regulation issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Health concerning the implementation of Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2014 tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan. It was enacted to establish clear guidelines and standards for environmental health management, aiming to ensure a healthy environment by regulating water, air, soil, food, and other elements of public health relevance. The regulation addresses how various environmental factors must be managed to minimize health risks, and it covers both technical standards and implementation frameworks.
Validity and Current Status
This regulation, signed on January 4, 2023, by the Minister of Health, Budi G. Sadikin, and enacted on January 12, 2023, through the Minister of Law and Human Rights, Yasonna H. Laoly, is currently in force. It replaces several previous regulations, thus modernizing Indonesia’s environmental health policies.
Key Areas Covered
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Standards and Requirements for Environmental Health:
- This regulation sets Standar Baku Mutu Kesehatan Lingkungan (SBMKL), covering media such as water, air, soil, food, and vectors.
- It introduces specific requirements for public places like residential areas, workplaces, recreational areas, and public facilities (e.g., transportation hubs, hotels).
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Health Protection Efforts:
- The regulation highlights efforts to maintain and improve the quality of air, water, soil, and food. It outlines surveillance, laboratory tests, risk analysis, and interventions to ensure these environmental media meet health standards.
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Waste Management in Health Facilities:
- Technical guidelines for waste management in healthcare facilities, including medical waste and non-hazardous waste management, are detailed. This is crucial for preventing health hazards from healthcare-related waste.
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Vector and Disease Carrier Control:
- The regulation specifies how vectors (insects, rodents) and other disease carriers should be monitored and controlled, ensuring that they do not pose a public health risk.
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Health Protection in Special Situations:
- The regulation includes health protection guidelines during disasters and emergencies, such as natural disasters or mass gatherings. This is part of Indonesia’s broader climate change response strategy.
Revoked Regulations
Under Article 51 (Ketentuan Penutup), Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 revokes several earlier regulations, such as:
- Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 80/Menkes/PER/II/1990 on health requirements for hotels.
- Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 829/Menkes/SK/VII/1999 on health requirements for housing.
- Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010 on drinking water quality standards.
These regulations are no longer valid and have been replaced by the updated provisions in Permenkes No. 2/2023.
Related Legislation
This regulation directly implements Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2014 on environmental health. It also aligns with several overarching environmental and health laws, including:
- Peraturan Presiden Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 regarding the Ministry of Health.
Analysis
The regulation emphasizes a comprehensive approach to environmental health by integrating standards for air, water, soil, and food. It also addresses health risks from vectors and disasters, aligning with global environmental health initiatives, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This holistic approach enhances public health by ensuring a controlled environment, especially in urban and densely populated areas.
Moreover, Permenkes No. 2/2023 emphasizes stricter management of healthcare-related waste, ensuring that medical and non-medical waste is processed safely. It also modernizes health surveillance and risk assessment, helping health authorities better monitor environmental health conditions.
Conclusion
Permenkes No. 2/2023 is a crucial regulatory update aimed at reinforcing environmental health in Indonesia. It establishes stringent health standards across various environmental media and provides a comprehensive framework for health facilities, public places, and disaster situations. By replacing outdated regulations, this legislation aims to create healthier living conditions, protect public health, and adapt to the challenges posed by climate change.